1 حَفِظَهُ حافظ حفظ حفظه حفظة , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. حَفَظَ , (K,) inf. n. حِفْظُ , (S, Mgh, Msb,) He kept it, preserved it, guarded it, protected it, or took care of it; (S, K;) namely, a thing; (S;) he prevented it from perishing, or becoming lost; (Mgh, Msb;) namely, a thing, (Mgh,) or property &c.; (Msb;) and hence the saying, (Mgh,) حِفْظٌ is the contr. of نِسْيَانٌ ; (M, Mgh;) i. e., it signifies the taking care, being careful; (M;) being mind ful, regardful, attentive, or considerate: (M, K:) [see also 5:] and بِهِ signifies the same as حَفِظَهُ . (S, Msb.) [Hence,] you say, حَفِظَ المَالَ He kept and tended, or pastured and defended, the camels or the like. (K.) [And حَفِظَ حُرْمَةَ صَاحِبِهِ He was regardful of everything entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in the character and appertenances of his companion, or friend. ] And حَفِظَ السِّرَّ He kept the secret. (TA.) [And حَفِظَ يَمِينَهُ He kept his oath: but this has also another meaning, as will be seen below.] And حَفِظَ القُرْآنَ He kept, or retained, the Kur-án in his mind, or memory; got it, knew it, or learned it, by heart. (S, * Msb, K.) [See also 5.] And حَفِظَ عِنْ فُلَانٍ [ He learned by heart from such a one: and, followed by an accus. case, the same; or he retained in his memory, as learned, or heard, from such a one; or he remembered to have heard from such a one ]. (TA &c. passim.) And one says of God, قَدْ حَفِظَ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ وَعِبَادِهِ مَا يَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ أَوْ شَرٍّ [ He hath preserved from oblivion, for, or against, his creatures and his servants, what they do of good or evil ]. (TA.) -b2- Also He kept it from being used, or employed, on, or for, ordinary, mean, or vile, occasions, or purposes. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, فُلَانٌ يَحْفَظُ نَفْسَهُ وَلِسَانَهُ Such a one keeps himself and his tongue from ordinary, mean, or vile, employment, in that which does not concern him. (Mgh.) And hence the saying in the Kur [v. 91], وَٱحْفَظُوا أَيْمَانَكُمْ , accord. to one o

2 حَفَّظْتُهُ الكِتَابَ حفظته الكتاب I incited him, or urged him, [or made him, ] to commit to memory, or learn by heart, the book: (S:) and [in like manner,] الحَدِيثَ I made him to retain the narration, or tradition, in his mind, or memory; or to know it, or learn it, by heart. (TA in art. زكت .)

3 مُحَافَظَةٌ محافظ محافظه محافظة The defending of those persons, or things, that are sacred, or inviolable, or that one is bound to respect or honour, and to defend, (K, TA,) on the occasions of wars; (TA;) as also حِفَاظٌ . (K, TA.) You say, حافظ حَرِيمَهُ He defended his wife, or wives, or the like. (TK.) [And hence,] you say, إِنَّهُ لَذُو حِفَاظٍ , and ذُو مُحَافَظَةٍ , meaning Verily he is disdainful, or scornful. (S, TA.) -b2- The being mindful, watchful, observant, or regardful: (S, and TA in art. رعى :) [see also 5:] or the keeping, attending, or applying oneself, constantly, perseveringly, or assiduously, (K, TA,) to a thing, or an affair. (TA.) You say, حافظ عَلَى الأَمْرِ , (TA,) or على الشَّىْءَ , inf. n. محافظة , (Msb,) He kept, attended, or applied himself, constantly, &c., to the thing, or affair. (TA.) And hence the saying in the Kur [ii. 239], حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ Perform ye the prayers in their proper times: or, accord. to Az, keep ye, attend ye, or apply yourselves, constantly, or perseveringly, to the performance of the prayers in their proper times. (TA.) -b3- حِفَاظٌ , is also explained as signifying The being mindful, or observant, of a covenant, and the keeping, or fulfilling, of a promise, with forgiveness, and holding fast to love or affection. (TA.)

4 أَحْفَظَ see 2. -A2- احفظهُ , (S, K, TA,) and احفظهُ حِفْظَةً , inf. n. إِحْفَاظٌ , [ He made him to conceive what is termed حِفْظَة , or حَفِيظَة ;] he angered him; made him angry: (S, K, TA:) and in the same sense it is said of a speech, or word: (TA:) or only he angered him by evil, or foul, speech, (K, TA,) and making him to hear what he disliked, or hated. (TA.)

5 تحفّظ أحفظ حفظ تحفظ He guarded himself; syn. اِحْتَرَزَ (K, TA,) or تَحَرَّزَ , (Msb,) and تَحَرَّسَ , and اِحْتَرَسَ , (S and Msb and K in art. حرس ,) مِنْهُ from him, or it, (S in art. حرس , &c.,) or عَنهُ . (TA.) He was, or became, careful, mindful, attentive, or considerate; (TA;) watchful, vigilant, or heedful; (S, O, L, TA;) in affairs, and speech, and to avoid a slip, or fault; as though he were cautious, or careful, or fearful, of falling. (L, TA.) [See also 1, and 3.] -A2- [In the last of the senses explained above, it is also trans.: you say, تحفَظ أَمْرَهُ He was careful, mindful, &c., of his affair, or case: see Bd in xxxiii. 52.] -b2- تَحَفَّظْتُ الكِتَابَ I learned the book by heart, one part, or thing, after another. (S, TA.) [See also حَفِظَ القُرْآنَ , in the first paragraph.]