1 ظَلَمَ ذ , aor. ظَلِمَ , has for its inf. n. ظَلْمٌ , (M, Msb, K, and so in some copies of the S,) or , (so in other copies of the S,) or both, (T,) or the latter is a simple subst., (T, M, Msb, TA,) which is put in the place of the inf. n., (TA, [and the same is indicated in the T and K by the saying that the proper inf. n. is with fet-h,]) and , (S, TA,) or this is likewise a simple subst., (Msb,) and , [or this also is a simple subst.,] and also is said to be an inf. n. like ظُلْمٌ , these two being like لِبَاسٌ and لُبْسٌ , [or it is a simple subst. like as ظُلْمٌ is said to be, or it is an inf. n. of 3, as such occurring in the middle of this paragraph,] or, accord. to Kr, it is pl. of ظُلْمٌ [like as رِمَاحٌ is pl. of رُمْحٌ ]: (TA:) [ ظَلَمَ when intrans. generally means He did wrong; or acted wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically: and when trans., he wronged; or treated, or used, wrongfully, unjustly, injuriously, or tyrannically; or he misused: ] accord. to most of the lexicologists, (Er-Rághib, TA,) primarily, (As, T, S, Msb,) signifies the putting a thing in a place not its own; putting it in a wrong place; misplacing it: (As, T, S, M, Er-Rághib, Msb, K:) and it is by exceeding or by falling short, or by deviating from the proper time and place: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or the acting in whatsoever way one pleases in the disposal of the property of another: and the transgressing the proper limit: (El-Munáwee, TA:) [i. e.] the transgressing the proper limit much or little: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or, accord. to some, it primarily signifies النَّقْص [as meaning the making to suffer loss, or detriment ]: (MF, TA:) and it is said to be of three kinds, between man and God, and between man and man, and between a man and himself; every one of which three is really لِلنَّفْسِ [i. e. a wrongdoing to oneself ]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [when it is used as a simple subst.,] the pl. of ظُلْمٌ , accord. to Kr. is ظِلَامٌ , as mentioned above, and , with damm, is said to be syn

2 ظلّمهُ ذ , inf. n. تَظْلِيمٌ , (T, S, &c.,) He told him that he was ظَالِم [i. e. doing wrong or acting wrongfully &c., or a wrongdoer ]: (T:) or he attributed, or imputed, to him ظُلْم [i. e. wrongdoing, &c.]. (S, M, Msb, K.) -b2- And He (a judge) exacted justice for him from his wronger, and aided him against him. (T.)

3 ظَاْلَمَ see 1, in the middle of the paragraph.

4 اظلم ذ , said of the night, (Fr, T, S, M, Msb, K,) and , (Fr, T, S, K,) the latter with kesr, (S,) like سَمِعَ , (K,) [erroneously written in the TT as from the M ظَلَمَ ,] It became dark; (S, K;) or it became black; (M;) or it came with its darkness. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 19], وَإِذَا أَظْلَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ قَامُوا [ And when it becomes dark to them they stand still ]; the verb being intrans.: or, accord. to the Ksh, and Bd follows it, it may be trans. [so that the meaning is, and when He makes their place dark &c.]; as is shown by another reading, which is أُظْلِمُوا : accord. to AHei, it is known by transmission as only intrans.; but Z makes it to be trans. by itself; Ibn-Es-Saláh affirms it to be trans. and intrans.: and Az [so in the TA, but correctly ISd, in the M,] mentions the saying, تَكَلَّمَ فَأَظْلَمَ عَلَيْنَا البَيعتَ (assumed tropical:) [ He spoke, and made dark to us the house, or chamber, or tent ], meaning he made us to hear what we disliked, or hated, the verb being trans. (TA.) -b2- And أَظْلَمُوا They entered upon the ظَلَام [or darkness, or beginning of night ]: (S, M, Msb, K:) or, as in the Mufradát [of Er-Rághib], they became in darkness. (TA.) -b3- And they said, مَا أَظْلَمَهُ and ما أَضْوَأَهُ [ How dark is it! and How light, or bright, is it! ]; which is anomalous. (S, TA.) -A2- And اظلم الثَّغْرُ The front teeth glistened. (T, K.) Hence the saying [of a poet], إِذَا مَا ٱجْتَلَى الرَّائِى إِلَيْهَا بِطَرْفِهِ غُرُوبَ ثَنَايَاهَا أَضَآءَ وَأَظْلَمَا [as though meaning, When the beholder of her with his eye looks at the fineness, or sharpness, (but غُرُوب is variously explained,) of her central teeth, it shines brightly, and glistens: but Az plainly indicates another meaning; i. e., he sees (lit. lights on, or finds, ) brightness and lustre; for he immediately adds, without the intervention of وَ or أَوْ , evidently in relation to this verse,] أَضَآءَ أَىْ أَصَابَ ضَوْءًا وَأَظْلَمَ أَصَابَ ظَلْمًا : (T:) [and ISd cites the ve

5 تَظَلَّمَ تظلّم مِنْهُ (T, S, M, K, [but in some copies of the S, منه is omitted,]) He complained of his ظُلْم [or wrongdoing, &c.], (S, M, K,) إِلَى الحَاكِمِ [ to the judge ]: (T:) in some copies of the S, تُظُلِّمَ . (TA.) -b2- And تظلّم signifies also He transferred the responsibility for the ظُلْم [or wrongdoing, &c.,] upon himself, (M, K,) accord. to IAar, who has cited as an ex., كَانَتْ إِذَا غَضِبَتْ عَلَىَّ تَظَلَّمَتْ [as though meaning She used, when she was angry with me, to transfer the responsibility for the wrongdoing upon herself; which may mean that she finally confessed the wrongdoing to be hers]; but [ISd says] I know not how that is: the تَظَلُّم in this case is only the complaining of الظُّلْم ; for when she was angry with him, it was not allowable [to say] that she attributed the ظُلْم to herself. (M.) -b3- See also 1, former half, in two places.